Next stop: Livorno, IT, the seaport gateway for
Florence/Pisa in Italy’s beautiful province of Tuscany. Famous for its
landscapes and Chianti wine, this region is considered the birthplace of the
Renaissance, that creative burst of art, architecture, and science that changed
the world from the 14
th – 16
th centuries.
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City wall |
We had a difficult time deciding whether to tour Florence,
with its art history, museums, and architecture, or Pisa with its leaning
tower. It just didn’t seem right, however, not to see the tower—something that
most U.S elementary students learn about. Straddling the River Arno, Pisa has
around 91,000 inhabitants with metropolitan population of 200,000. Known
worldwide for its leaning tower, Pisa is also home to more than 20 other
historic churches, several medieval palaces and various bridges across the
River Arno. The city is also home to the University of Pisa with a history
going back to the
12th century.
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Baptistery and Cathedral |
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Beautiful baptismal font |
We boarded a bus that would take us through 15 miles of
Tuscan landscapes from Livorno to Pisa, and entered the Piazza dei Miracoli or
the Square of Miracles. This walled square is dominated by four religious
edifices: the Pisa Cathedral; the Pisa Baptistery; the Campanile (leaning
tower); and the Camposanto Monumentale (Monumental Cemetery). The grounds also
house a hospital and a Cathedral Museum. First entering the round, Romanesque Baptistery
that was started in the 12th century and dedicated to St. John the
Baptist, we were astonished by the artistry in the octagonal baptismal font and
the pulpit.
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Baptistery pulpit |
Aside from these feature, however, the interior is relatively
unadorned. But the construction of a double dome with a space between the
layers serves as a sounding board and produces amazing acoustics.
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Baptistery, cathedral, campanile |
This was
demonstrated by two singers, one on the ground level and another higher up in
the dome, who sang a religious chant producing a beautifully amazing sound. Exiting the Baptistery we went to the cathedral. With construction
begun in 1064, the church set the model for the distinctive Pisan Romanesque
style of architecture, but the pointed arches and the interior mosaics show a
strong Byzantine influence. The gray marble façade, massive bronze doors, and the
black and white marble interior with its gilded ceiling and frescoed dome are
simply stunning.
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Cathedral facade |
A fire in 1595 destroyed much of the ceiling, but it was
repaired by the Medici family and now bears the family’s coat of arms.
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Ceiling and Medici plaque |
Galileo’s Lamp, an incense lamp suspended from the ceiling, is believed to have
inspired the formulation of his pendulum theory.
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Cathedral interior |
We viewed the elaborately
carved pulpit with its 9 narrative panels and the bones of St. Ranieri, Pisa’s
patron saint.
Outside the cathedral we saw the Campanile which is simply
the cathedral’s bell tower.
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Cathedral pulpit |
The last of the 3 major buildings built on the
piazza, it was built in three stages that spanned 177 years.
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The Leaning Tower |
Five years after
construction began, with the building 3 stories high, weak subsoil and a poor foundation
caused sinking on the building’s south side. By 1990 the lean was 5.5 degrees
when a team of engineers and architects finally stabilized the building to its
present day lean of around 4 degrees (they didn’t want to correct it totally or
the tourists wouldn’t visit!).
Our guide pointed out the Monumental Cemetery, but didn’t
take us to view it.
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Pisa backstreets |
Instead we were given free time to peruse the street
vendors and shops and take bathroom breaks. Jane purchased some souvenirs from
a street vendor, while Capt. Larry bought some limoncello and Chianti wine from
a gift shop.
We concluded our visit with a walk through some backstreets and
alleys before hiking back to our bus for the ride back to the ship.
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Big boats in Monte Carlo marina |
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Walking along the waterfront |
Overnight we sailed to Monaco, waking up to find our ship
surrounded by luxury motoryachts and sailboats in the main marina. As we viewed
this sovereign city-state scrunched up against the base of the French Alps from
our balcony, it became apparent that this was not going an ordinary port of
call. The entire landscape just oozed of wealth and money and a certain level
of refinement that only a lot of wealth and money can produce.
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Oceanography Museum |
Officially the
Principality of Monaco, as it has always been ruled by a prince or princess and
never a king (making it a kingdom), sits on the French Riviera and is bordered
by France on three sides and the Mediterranean Sea on the fourth.
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St. Nicolas Cathedral |
With an area
of only 0.78 sq. mi. and a population of almost 39,000, Monaco is the second
smallest (only the Vatican is smaller) and most densely populated country in
the world. Monte Carlo is the most populous quarter in the country. Through land
reclamation and seaward expansion Monaco has increased it land mass by 20%.
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Monaco jail with sea view (and chef)! |
Millionaires
comprise about 30% of Monaco’s population and the country is a popular tax
haven. Monaco is also home to the prestigious Grand Prix of Monaco car race.
The included walking tour began with meeting our guide on
the pier, and then proceeding through the heart of the medieval quarter known
as “The Rock.”
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Cathedral interior |
We learned that Monaco’s major source of income is tourism, but
it has also evolved into a major banking center and promotes certain "green" industries. We walked along a path that
ran by the sea and passed by the Oceanographic Museum that houses a renowned aquarium.
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Christmas park |
We entered a beautiful park with a varied assortment of plants and trees from
all over the world, and learned that Monaco was an early leader in
environmental protection. There is little space for yards and vegetation areas,
so green spaces on top of the high-rise buildings is strongly encouraged.
Monaco has been ruled by the Grimaldi family since 1297 and
today is governed by a constitutional monarchy with Prince Albert II as head of
state.
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Monaco at night |
Our guide brought us to St. Nicholas Cathedral where the royal family is
buried, and where Prince Rainier III and actress Grace Kelly were famously wed.
We entered the cathedral and viewed the graves of the royal family, including
Prince Rainier III and Grace Kelly. Grace Kelly was immensely popular with the
people and had a very positive influence on the country’s development.
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In the park |
We then
viewed Port Hercules, a 500 acre area created by reclamation and seaward
expansion. We made our way to Monaco’s main square, the Place du
Palais, and viewed the Prince’s Palace.
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The prince's palace |
We didn’t get to see the palace’s
changing of the guard, but did get to photograph the colorful guards. This concluded
our tour and we were given the option of returning to the ship with the guide
after an hour of free time or wander back on our own.
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The palace at night |
We chose the latter and Jane bought
a few items at a gift shop and we headed back to the ship. Along the way we
came across a Christmas fair and entered to see what it offered. Geared mostly
toward children with festive, brightly colored characters and Christmas scenes,
there were a few vendors offering jewelry, collectables, and food (something we
really didn’t need!). We boarded the ship and decided that Monaco was a really
great port of call and a great place to live, if you have the bucks.
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Sunrise over Toulon, France |
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Tour Royale |
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"Thick Tower" walls |
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French Mediterranean Fleet (gotta zoom) |
We left Monaco at 2300 (so the gamblers had some time
ashore) and cruised to Toulon, FR.
Toulon is the principle base of the French
navy and holds about 60% of the total tonnage, including the aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle and support group, as
well as nuclear submarines. The navy is a major employer for the Toulon area. We
had pleasant but cooler weather as we boarded our bus for the included tour of
Toulon. Our first stop was at the naval arsenal and dockyards where we viewed
the French Mediterranean fleet, before visiting the Tour Royale. Built in the
16
th century to protect the harbor, the fort was also called “The
Thick Tower” because of its 22-foot-thick walls. We left the harbor and headed
out for a bus ride for the remainder of the tour. The bus took us to various
sections of Toulon, but none really very notable.
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Downtown Toulon |
Several buildings were
pointed out, but hard to gauge their historical importance as most seemed to be
ordinary buildings.
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Busy Toulon marina |
It was also difficult to hear and understand the guide. The
tour was short and we returned to the terminal, only to walk back into town to
visit a shopping mall so Jane could pick up a few things.
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Mmmmm! All kinds of olives |
On our way back to
the ship we passed by a farmer’s market.
We were given a special treat that evening (Christmas Eve). Jane
had spotted one officer a few days ago that she was pretty sure had been on our
Antarctic cruise. When we spotted him in his office a couple of days ago, she
asked him if he remembered us and the cruise. As soon as she mentioned some
details of the cruise, his face lit up and everything came back to him. He told
us that he had joined the Viking cruise line four years ago and that he was now
the general hotel manager. He said that he was putting together a special table
for Christmas Eve and asked us if we would join him and his other guests.
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Viking gingerbread! |
We affirmed.
So, on Christmas Eve we had dinner with the hotel manager and two other
couples.
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Dinner with the hotel manager |
Sinjith Mohan told us about Viking’s ambitious expansion plans, the
company ownership, and his responsibilities with about half of the crew (~450)
answering to him. We had a delightful dinner with excellent wine (special
stuff!), food and conversation. He was called away before the end of the meal,
but we spotted him the next day, thanked him for including us, and expressed
hope that we could spend another Christmas with him again in the future. It was
a great reunion.